However, the use of toxic components, such as isocyanates, in the manufacturing process can render pu production extremely toxic and dangerous 2. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Polyurethanes are reactive polymers similar to epoxies and polyesters. Recent advances in the development of nonisocyanate.
If you have any further questions, please contact the puinfopoint. Technical presentations overview huntsman corporation. This bond results from the condensation reaction between a mobile hydrogen compound alcohol roh and rn c o isocyanate. Nonisocyanate sources for pu production have been sought for a long time. Polyurethane raw materials north america basf polyurethanes. Polyurethanes are polymers containing the grouping urethane. Introduction to polyurethanes although the reaction between isocyanate and hydroxyl compounds was originally identified in the 19th century, the foundations of the polyurethanes industry were laid in the late 1930s with the discovery, by otto bayer, of the chemistry of the polyaddition reaction between diisocyanate and diols to form. Polyurethanes muhammad shafiq randhawa technical consultant polyurethane. Polyurethane industry driven by extensive growth of global automotive and footwear industries. Pdf on dec 31, 20, daniel e heath and others published a. This technology allows agc to manufacture ultralow unsaturated value polyols that increase the chemical and mechanical properties of the case. Jun 27, 20 what is the diisocyanatewhat is the diisocyanatepolyaddition process. Polyurethane polyurethane polymers are traditionally and most commonly formed by reacting a di or polyisocyanate with apolyol.
Polyurethanes in particular, through their unique composition and related properties, display the following attributes8. The unique structure of the polyurethanes supply chain will also be explained in relation to the process stage and application. The overall range of properties available to the designer and the manufacturer is clearly very wide and this is reflected in the many, very different, uses to which polyurethanes are put. Polyols for case polyurethanes coating, adhesive, sealant and elastomer and polyurethane foam agc has a wide range of low monol polyols avaialble which are produced using unique technology. While highly branched pep result in rigid pu with good heat and chemical resistance, less branched pep give pu with good flexibility at low temperature and low chemical resistance. A guide to thermoplastic polyurethanes tpu huntsman corporation. Polymer foams can be rigid, flexible, or elastomeric, and can be produced from a wide range of polymers, such as polyurethane pu, polystyrene. Generally, metering and mixing two or more streams of liquid components containing polyurethane precursors at the processing stage produces polyurethanes. Polyurethane sealant products durotech polyurethanes provides a wide range of polyurethane sealant products that enable formulators to develop coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers with exceptional performance for many different applications. Urethane polymers can be produced with a wide variety of properties, ranging from soft flexible foams and fibres through to hard solids so that they.
Polyurethanes find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Polyurethanes can be rigid or rubbery at any density between, say 10 kg m3 and 100 kg m3. Thus the final, high molecular weight polymer is normally manufactured by the. A guide to formulating polyurethane dispersions for use in. Shape memory polymer smp is a stimuliresponsive material with the ability to alter a programmed shape to its original shape upon triggering of an appropriate stimulus. Ppt polyurethane powerpoint presentation, free download id. Aliphatic 2k waterborne polyurethanes are used as alternatives to waterborne and solventborne sealers and coatings waterborne polyurethanes. A primer on polyurethane, polyurea, and polyaspartic. Polyurethanes are used in the manufacture of nonflexible, high resilience foam seating.
Some of the polyurethane properties, however, can be incorporated into other polymers by either blending or by coreaction. Polyurethanebased sealants are used in joints andopenings to help prevent the passage of gases, liquids,and solids dust and dirt. Polyurethanes, due to their high resistance to weathering, solvents, and mechanical damage, have been used in the manufacture of paints and varnishes 152154. For the past decades, smp has dragged much interest in material field owing to its various and versatile applications. Major industrial polymers polyurethanes britannica. Polyurethanes are formed by reacting a polyolpolyurethanes are formed by reacting a polyolan alcohol with more than two reactive hydroxylan alcohol with more than two reactive hydroxylgroups per molecule with a diisocyanate or agroups per molecule. Polyurethane coating free download as powerpoint presentation. Polyurethanes a special feature of polyurethanes is their method of production. Major industrial polymers major industrial polymers polyurethanes.
All polyurethanes are not equal when it comes to performance. Mar 26, 2001 for example thermoplastic polyurethanes tpus are formulated for use in applications ranging through hose and cable sheathing, films and sheet, catheters, gears, bushes and bearings and such specialised areas as mining cables and optical fibres. At basf, we are dedicated to ensuring a competitive and reliable supply, and to sup porting your local needs by leveraging our standing as a global leader, and our strong european presence. Polyurethanebased binders are used in compositewood products to permanently glue organic materials intooriented strand board, mediumdensity fiberboard, longstrand lumber, laminated veneer lumber, strawboard andparticleboard. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. What is the diisocyanatewhat is the diisocyanatepolyaddition process.
Polyurethanes can be manufactured in an extremely wide range of grades, in densities from 6 to 1,220 kgm3 and polymer stiffness from flexible elastomers to rigid, hard plastics. Types iv and v are twopart systems while the others are onepart systems. The classification of polyurethanes is based on the chemistry and curing characteristics as listed in table 2. Polyurethanes with components made of renewable resources and. They are formed by reacting an isocyanate a compound having the functional group nco with an alcohol having the functional group oh. Safety assessment of polyurethanes as used in cosmetics. Polyurethane paints and varnishes are produced in the form of solvent, solventfree highsolid paints, water, waterborne, and powder coatings. There are five main areas of use for polyurethanes. Polyurethanes pu are among the most used polymers in many modern technologies 1. Polyurethanes are formed by reacting a polyol an alcohol with more than two reactive hydroxyl groups per molecule with a diisocyanate or a polymeric isocyanate in the presence of suitable catalysts and additives. The properties of pu also depend upon the degree of crosslinking as well as molecular weight of the starting pep.
Ppt polyurethane foam powerpoint presentation free to. Polyurethanes pur were first produced in 1937 by otto bayer and his coworkers in germany and represent a family of polymers rather than a single polymer. Ecoprofiles of the european plastics industry polyurethanes. Soil improvement by polyurethane grouting free download as powerpoint presentation. For hardsurface coating applications, a harder polymer modulus will be needed and for sealants, pressure sensitive adhesives or waterproofing membranes, a softer polymer modulus may be needed. The course is intended as an introduction for people who may have had little formal training or education with these materials. A polyurea system has a very fast application rate and when fully cured, it becomes a very tough and flexible material with excellent wear and chemical resistance properties. Polyurethane coating polyurethane organic polymers free. The type of polymer, the process parameters, and the rati o of curati ve play a criti cal role in the performance of the product. Because a variety of diisocyanates and a wide range of polyols can be used to produce polyurethane, a broad spectrum of materials can be produced to meet the needs of specific. Introduction in collaboration with partners from industry, academia and public organizations all over europe the department of environmental engineering of the fraunhofer ict works inter alia. Wellknown for their outstanding versatility, huntsmans tpus can improve the production and enrich the performance of anything from shoes, seals and filmsto filters,conveyor belts and cables. The center for the polyurethanes industry cpi of the american chemistry council mission is to promote the growth of the north american polyurethanes industry through effective advocacy, delivery of compelling benefits messages demonstrating how polyurethanes deliver sustainable outcomes, and creation of robust safety education and product stewardship programs.
For most industrial applications an polyurethane dispersions can be improved by crosslinking of the polymer. Pdf chemistry and technology of polyols for polyurethanes. Polyurethanes anti corrosion coating market research report 2018 polyurethanes anticorrosion coating industry, 202023 market research report is a professional and indepth study on the current state of the global polyurethanes anticorrosion coating industry with a focus on the chinese market. In general, polyurethanes are moderately hard polymers that are most suited for adhesive applications between moderate to stiff substrates. They can be prepared from a wide variety of materials exhibiting extremely. Pdf polyurethanes are one of the most versatile families of polymers. Rigid polyurethane foam is one of the most effective practical thermal insulation materials, used in applications ranging from domestic refrigerators to large. Diols are systems with two oh groups and an isocyanate contains nco group as the end point. The basic polyurethane chemicals division of basf in north america is a major supplier of aromatic isocyanates mdi, tdi and polyols used by manufacturers of polyurethane products for case applications, flexible foam, engineered wood products, rigid polyisocyanurate boards and foam insulation. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Insulation capacityin housing, transportation, refrigeration, heat transport and other, thus avoiding unnecessary emissions to compensate for energy losses in case of lack of insulation. Presented at spi polyurethanes world congress in dallas, texas, september 1720, 1998 change of thermal conductivity of polyurethane preinsulated pipes as a function of time 4kb. Most of the polyurethanes are thermosetting polymers that they dont melt when heated, but thermoplastic polymers are also available. Second generation biobased raw materials for polyurethane.
Polyurethanes are classified into six types based on the classification by the american society for testing and materials astm d16 4. Thermoplastic polyurethanes tpus offer exciting possibilities for meeting the manufacturing challenges of a fastchanging world. General overview polyurea is a remarkable coatings, linings and joint sealant technology. One archetypal smp is polyurethane, which has a wideranging transition temperature for its shape recovery. Europe polyurethanes market the market has been estimated at usd xx billion in 2016 by revenue and xx million tons in 2016 and is projected to reach usd xx billion by 2021 and xx million tons by 2021, at a cagr of xx% and xx% by revenue and volume respectively during the forecasted period from 2016 to 2021. Polyurethane foam ignites easily and burns rapidly. Polyurethanes are a class of extremely versatile polymers that are made into flexible and rigid foams, fibres, elastomers, and surface coatings. Pleiger plasti cs uses only the highest quality raw materials as well as sophisti cated procedures to. Thermoplastic polyurethane tpu is a unique category of plastic created when a polyaddition reaction occurs between a diisocyanate and one or more diols. These pu have shown good thermal stability and hydrolytic resistance due to the presence of amide group in the diol or polyol backbone.
Polyurethane foam is a by product of the same process that is used to make petroleum. Although an over simplification, the following chart, figure 11, illustrates the broad range of polyurethanes, with reference to density and stiffness. Product chemistry type description typical uses and characteristics substrate application method or equipment aquataflex 505 polyurethane hybrid 1. Pu are formed by chemical reaction between a dipoly isocyanate and a diol or polyol, forming repeating urethane groups, generally, in presence of a chain. Soil improvement by polyurethane grouting polyurethane. Introduction polyurethane pur and pu is a polymer composed of a chain of organic units joined by carbamate urethane links. Pus can be synthesized in a single step the one shot method by direct mixing of the components or. Introduction to polyurethane training courses smithers. Polyurethanes are obtained from the reaction between diols and diisocyanates. We call urethane any compound produced by the reaction of an isocyanate and an alcohol according to the following reaction.
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